OBELA

The international commitments of the United Nations Agenda 2030 have forced governments to rethink public mobility policy around the world. The change in public transport systems to electric units has put on the table the importance of China as an exporter of these units and the demand for global oil demand in the long term.
Of the total number of electric buses in the world, 95% are in China. From 2011, the change of energy matrix is a public goal, becoming the main producer and consumer of electric vehicles in the world. In Latin America, the use of electric buses is still incipient.
 This energy shift will be the new impetus for the growth of the global economy in the 21st century. It will also be an issue of confrontation between the United States and China; and of Latin America with the United States.

La crisis por COVID-19 ha golpeado la economía mundial, en su conjunto. En esta nota se revisan los efectos en la industria petrolera, la caída en el volumen de oferta y demanda mundial, los precios de cotización del crudo que se cotizan en mercados internacionales.

Después del desplome del precio del petróleo, una recuperación del sector energético dependerá de la mejora del precio y de la velocidad con la que se logre. Se anticipa que los precios continúen bajos, y que el sector sufra a pesar de la recuperación del mercado.

Ante este entorno negativo en la industria, se debe vislumbrar la posibilidad de una mayor inversión en energías alternativas y consecuentemente una profundización del cambio de matriz energética.

The economic crisis that accompanies the COVID19 and its health crisis have generated stock market collapses that had never been seen before. The decline has been more marked than that which occurred between 1929-31 and deeper.

Between February 25 and March 23, the financial markets had lost more than 30% of the value of their assets and the outlook was worse. The immediate solution was to inject the financial system in the United States, which was reproduced by the ECB and the Bank of England.

On the contrary, the US economy has accumulated, since February 2020, more than 27 million jobs lost, the highest in its history. The question of the rescue of the stock markets in the face of uncontrollable unemployment raises the question of the importance of the financial sector for decision-makers and policy makers.

The effects of COVID-19 on the real economy are beginning to materialize around the world. Since the second half of March, the first symptoms of the deterioration of confidence and uncertainty in the economy appeared when the stock market indices of the main countries fell to a minimum during the year.
The situation that will inevitably be seen for most countries in the world will be: falling output, unemployment despite the efforts of economic authorities. This time with a generalized impact for all countries, sectors and with a direct risk for the human being.
The domino effect has already started and now the situation that occurred in February in China is present in the rest of the economies in March. The effect, scope and horizon of normalisation of all activity seem to be far away and are uncertain.

A large number of businesses have stopped because of the VOC-19 pandemic and the current economic outlook is negative for the global economy. As a result of China's closure of production and suspension of deliveries to global value chains and as intermediate inputs, many more countries have stopped much of their production.
International trade is suffering on both the export and import sides. Given the prospect of loss of real demand for inputs, the reaction on the stock market has not been one of over-pricing of commodities.
The trend in the prices of the main commodities has been downward since 201. Lower commodity prices have a direct impact on primary export economies, such as most Latin American economies.